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Journal of Changzhou Institute of Information Technology, Department of Functional Design Based Reducer Design Shi Xinmin (Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Changzhou Institute of Information Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China) The specific application in the design of the speeder and how to establish the module function system for the design of the reducer.
Functional design is an important method of mechanical innovation design. It is to design the task through functional analysis and functional decomposition, form a technical system, and judge the effect corresponding to the function, seek to realize the working principle of the function, and finally form the design plan. A design method.
Functional design is not only a method of understanding design problems, but also a solution to design problems. In mechanical innovation design, since it can only be fundamentally created on the basis of recognizing the nature of the problem, its core is functional understanding and support for functional design. The key is to support this creative thinking process. The mechanical design is the most critical stage of mechanical design and later manufacturing and use. It is the key step to determine the quality of mechanical products, performance and economic efficiency. How does the effect of innovative features directly affect the functional quality of mechanical samples and Effect. With the development of science and technology, the speed of mechanical product upgrading is getting faster and faster, the overall performance and function are continuously improved, and the role of mechanical design innovation design is becoming more and more important. In this paper, the design of the reducer is taken as an example to investigate the application of functional design in mechanical design.
1 Process analysis of mechanical scheme design 11 General process of scheme design The design phase of the mechanical scheme proposes a principled idea for the main functions of the product, explores the physical effects and working principle of solving the problem, and the structure, process, cost and performance of the product. It has a great influence on the use and use, and is a key link between product level and competitiveness. Therefore, the innovative design of the program plays an important role.
The general process of scheme design based on functional principle is shown. From the functional analysis, the design scheme is explored through innovative concept, and then the evaluation is carried out to optimize the screening and obtain the best principle scheme design result.
12 Functional structure According to the general process of the mechanical design phase, the main task is to establish the functional structure of the design system, and select the functional carrier corresponding to each function in the functional structure, and combine these selected functional carriers to form the entire design. System design,), male, lecturer, engaged in research direction: mechatronics technology I clearly set up ifl* I analysis function, establish functional design module I 1 parameter determination and optimization, determine production module 11 basic type 1 extended seven yIN design N design | 1 I final solution I reducer modular system design process that is functional design is based on the functional structure of the design process. The selection and combination of functional carriers is actually that each sub-function in the established functional structure matches the structure that can implement the sub-function, and the overall function of the design system generally includes many sub-functions, and each function can It is realized by different structures (functional solutions). Therefore, there are choice problems in mechanical design. On the basis of mechanical design theory, through the intersection, penetration and synthesis of related disciplines, the mechanical innovation design method can achieve functional solutions. Combine, coordinate and evaluate to get the best innovative design.
2Functional design of the reducer The reducer is the most important independent deceleration mechanical transmission between the prime mover and the working machine. It can reduce the prime mover speed or increase the torque. It is widely used in industrial and mining enterprises and transportation. Mechanical parts in construction, construction and other departments, the design process involves almost all aspects of mechanical design, such as structural design, dynamic design, standard part selection design, lubrication and sealing design, geometric parameter design, strength design.
Its design and manufacturing directly affect the smoothness, reliability, longevity and labor productivity of the transmission. However, the traditional reducer design is for a specific product. The designer starts with the part design, according to various materials and data provided, combined with the experience of his own design, and performs some calculations on this scheme after the verification. It will be affirmed. Obviously, although this scheme can be adopted, it often causes the designed reducer to have a large size and a large amount of waste, resulting in great waste of financial, material and human resources. At the same time, the designed reducer has poor inheritance in production and technology, so the comprehensive design cycle is long.
With the development of science and technology and the national economy, the demand for reducers is increasing, and higher requirements are put on the comprehensive quality. If the traditional single product design method is still used, it is far from meeting the needs of market diversification. Can not adapt to fierce market competition, it is also difficult to improve the comprehensive competitiveness of products. Therefore, the author started from the functional design when working on the design of the reducer, making the designed reducer more scientific and reasonable.
21 Determining the main parameters of the reducer The reducer is generally known for space contour size, input and output speed, power or torque, service life, etc. before design, and the designer designs around this. In general, the main parameters should be determined: several stages of gear transmission, reducer shape, motor type, and transmission gear type. In the design process, to reduce the computational effort and difficulty, design variables should be minimized.
22 Design process The design of the reducer can adopt modular design. The modular design is standardized and combined design. It is not for a specific product, but for adjacent product systems with similar functional systems. Designed in a single design, we have carefully designed a variety of modules to combine diverse products in an ingenious and flexible way.
Applying the modular design method to the reducer not only simplifies the structural design and manufacture of the product, shortens the product development cycle, but also greatly enriches the product specifications and varieties, improves the product's response to the user, and makes the product structure flexible. Through the analysis of the function of the reducer, the design process of the modular system of the reducer is as shown.
Torque T2 speed "2 Gear meshing reducer I bevel gear reduction i 23 principle scheme design principle The scheme design is to establish the function module system by analyzing the function of the reducer. The total function of the reducer can be analyzed by the "black box" shown. When using the "black box" for analysis, factors such as machine configuration, power, speed, efficiency, outer contour size, actual working environment, duty cycle, and service life should be considered. According to the working requirements of the reducer, it can be seen that m<m, T2>T speed; is the input torque of the reducer; T2 is the output torque of the reducer.
It can be seen that the overall function of the reducer is to reduce the speed and increase the torque.
The "black box" principle of the reducer is divided into 24 modules. The structure of the reducer has obvious grading characteristics. When the modular design is carried out, based on the functional analysis of the product, the total function of the product is decomposed into several levels of comprehensiveness. The functional unit is the reducer function module system. Then, according to different needs, these comprehensive functional units are respectively refined into several lower-level, interchangeable, independent basic units, such as gear meshing form, hierarchical decomposition of output structure form, as shown.
1 Helical bevel gear reducer I I Less tooth difference The basic unit of the planetary gear reducer is decomposed. Different modules can be used to form different types and different specifications. However, the principle of modular design is to make up as many products as possible with a few modules. For example, when analyzing the parameters of the gear module, the single-stage gear is used as the basic module, and the multi-stage gear transmission is selected from the single-stage module to minimize the gear. The number of modules increases the generalization of the module.
25 module and technical design to determine the dynamic parameters of the reducer: including working conditions (working machine and prime mover type) and determination of transmission efficiency at all levels; selection of reducer form (expanded, coaxial, split); motor selection Calculate the transmission dynamics parameters (gear ratio, transmission power, transmission torque and speed) of the reducer.
Gear drive design calculations (in order from high speed to low speed) selected gear type, accuracy grade, material, heat treatment method and tooth surface hardness, pinion parameters, helix angle; designed according to tooth surface contact strength and root bending strength ; determine gear parameters and geometry; force analysis on the gears.
Reducer box module design: The main function of the reducer box is to maintain the correct relative position of the transmission parts and to withstand the load. The rationality of the cabinet design is the necessary condition to ensure the correct transmission, stable operation and sufficient lubrication. After analysis and comparison, the shape of the box mainly depends on the center distance and the transmission ratio. In the specific design, a basic box module can be used, and the cup, the end cover and the input shaft can be appropriately mounted on the end surface perpendicular to the side surface. It is used to install the gears when necessary, and the multi-stage gear drive adopts a folding arrangement to reduce the design workload and improve the generalization degree.
Module design of the shaft: In the case of different gear ratios, the shafts with the same structural dimensions should be selected as much as possible. Even if the other dimensions of the shafts are different, the diameter and length of the shaft section of the bearing should be the same as possible to facilitate the bearing and the end. Generalization of modules such as covers and seals.
Complete the basic structure assembly drawing: After the structural design is completed, the strength check should be performed. If the strength and stiffness meet the requirements, the structural parameters can be basically determined, and the drawing of the assembly drawing can be completed.
Personal subjective color. The tense and style of English are more objective, focusing on the macro world, and the rational color is more intense.
The state of 3 is the same as that of English. The state is also a grammatical category in Japanese, indicating the relationship between the action represented by the verb and the thing represented by the subject. Different from English, the states of Japanese verbs can be divided into main dynamics, dynamics, servitude, possible states, and loyalty. Among them, the dynamic, causal and possible states are closely related to the verbs. This article only compares and analyzes the dynamics. In Japanese, it is dynamically indicated that the subject and the verb are related to the subject's taking some action of others or by other external forces. Japanese dynamic sentences can be divided into three types: the passive sentence of his verb as a predicate indicates that the passive (subject) directly bears the actions of others and is directly affected, thus indicating a kind of interest (either beneficial or harmful to the passive). This passive voice can also be divided into two types: the passive person who bears the actions of others and the passive person only partially (or part of the body) bear the actions of others, and this passive voice can usually be reduced to the active voice.
The power of the child is especially strong. The mother Yu Lizi was asked to check the child and was blamed by her mother. Mother blames the child. (all bear) private (washing ¢. Two shoulders, å©åŠ›, Mr. Sapporo ( (i: privately I was shot by the teacher on the shoulder. The teacher took my shoulder. (Partially accepted) the automatic sentence as the passive sentence of the predicate The indirect negative influence of passive people's actions caused by the actions of others or external influences. It indicates a relationship between accepting harms (also when there are more direct victims). The passive sentences of automatic words often have "accepted losses".
Or "embarrassing" means.
I feel very difficult because of my father's death. (Not that I was directly killed, but because my father's death has affected me.) The passive clause subject without biological subject is inanimate, using his verb. The actor is obvious and does not have to be mentioned, so it often does not appear in the sentence.
With the D sweeping tea, I started to work hard, and att opened a tea party today.
The intransitive verbs in English cannot be used in the passive voice, which is a clear distinction between English and Japanese.
In summary, the verbs of English and Japanese have similarities and obvious differences in time, body and state. The comparative analysis of these linguistic phenomena will be conducive to the integration and proficiency of English and Japanese. .