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Japanese Piston Ring push continuously variable valve actuator
At the 39th Tokyo Motor Show, which was open to the public from October 22 to November 6, 2005, Japan Piston Rings Co., Ltd. showcased its innovative "Continuous Variable Valve Actuator (CVVA)" technology. This system allows for continuous adjustment of the intake valve in an engine, offering a significant improvement in fuel efficiency by dramatically reducing pumping losses.
In traditional engines, the throttle controls the amount of air entering the engine by opening and closing the intake valve. However, when the throttle is partially closed, it creates a vacuum in the intake manifold, leading to energy loss known as pumping loss. The CVVA system eliminates this issue by controlling the valve lift directly, rather than relying on a throttle.
The CVVA mechanism uses a complex linkage system involving two swing arms. The first arm is driven by the camshaft, while the second arm is connected to the accelerator. A lever is attached to the top of the second arm, and its tip rotates along the upper part of the arm. By adjusting the position of this lever, the engine can control the degree of valve lift. During low-speed operation, the valve lift is reduced to limit air intake, and during high-speed operation, it is increased to maximize airflow.
This system is powered by an actuator that utilizes a ball screw mechanism driven by a rotary motor. According to the company, for inline engines with multiple cylinders, only one actuator is needed to control all the levers, making the system efficient and cost-effective. However, the technology cannot be directly integrated into existing engines and requires further miniaturization before it can be widely adopted.