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The large-scale system refers to the consolidation of departments with similar business operations and similar functions, and centralized implementation by a large department. Experts pointed out that through the integration of the functions of government agencies, it will help improve administrative efficiency and reduce administrative costs.
In the period of the “Two Conferences†of 2008, the plan may consider the plan for establishing the Ministry of Energy. “The overall situation of the energy-related economy, including coal, oil, natural gas, electricity, and renewable energy, involves a wide range of issues. Can improve the efficiency in the balance of supply demand." The above person pointed out.
According to relevant sources, according to the requirements of the 17th CPC National Congress, the reform of the administrative management department and the implementation of the large department system have become an important part of China's political reform and will also be the focus of China's reforms in 2008.
On December 29, 2007, at the 31st session of the Standing Committee of the 10th National People's Congress Standing Committee, the NPC Standing Committee held a decision on convening the 1st session of the 11th National People's Congress, recommending that the State Council review the institutional reforms. The programme is one of the main agendas of the conference.
In fact, the idea of ​​implementing a large department system has a long history. According to relevant sources, as early as the beginning of 2007, the relevant departments had studied and discussed the feasibility of implementing a large department system by holding seminars and consultation meetings.
Experts suggest that the management elements such as agriculture, transportation, social security, energy, land and resources, culture, education, and health should be integrated to form a universal system of major departments. For example, to break through the narrow thinking of small-scale agriculture, the “big agriculture†model including comprehensive management of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery, and farmland irrigation is implemented.
Experts also suggested that the reform of the major departments should first be piloted in a small area, and lessons learned should be summarized through pilots. Then, the reforms should be further promoted. “More extensive institutional integration may occur in 2009.â€
Improve Efficiency and Reduce Costs Experts pointed out that implementing large-scale institutional management can greatly reduce the overlapping of government departments, change the status quo of multiple-government and multi-headed administration, thereby improving administrative efficiency and reducing administrative costs.
“The implementation of the reform of the major departments is designed to meet the needs of modernization and socialization of the economy. The increasingly close ties between various government departments are more conducive to improving management efficiency and coordinating and coordinating problems that arise in the development of the industry.†To streamline government agencies, reduce cross-functional conflicts between departments, and simplify procedural responsibilities; on the other hand, it can also reduce the difficulty of horizontal coordination and abolish the deliberation and coordination mechanism, which is conducive to the establishment of a unified, streamlined, and efficient legal system that conforms to the market economy and democracy. The modern government system required.
Since the reform and opening up, China has carried out five rounds of government agency reforms. However, there are still traces of the regulatory and all-encompassing government that have not completely escaped the planned economy. The main reason for this is that the establishment of departments is still too high.
At present, apart from the General Office of the State Council, the State Council has a total of 28 constituent departments, including one ad hoc agency, 18 directly-affiliated agencies, four administrative offices, 10 national bureaus under the management of ministries, and 14 directly-affiliated institutions. In addition, there are 100 Multiple proceedings coordination agencies.
However, in countries with a developed market economy, the number of government departments does not exceed 20 in general. For example, there are only 15 ministries in the United States, 18 in the United Kingdom, 18 in France, 14 in Germany, 12 in Japan, 18 in Korea, and 15 in Singapore.
Relevant statistics show that at present, there are more than 80 responsibilities across the State Council departments. Only the construction department has responsibilities across 24 departments including the National Development and Reform Commission, the transportation department, the water conservancy department, the railway department, and the national land department. In addition, pre-production, post-production and post-production management in agriculture involve 14 ministries and commissions.
The dislocation and cross-cutting of administrative functions have brought negative effects on the economy. Studies have shown that the administrative cost of China has a negative 1.73% effect on economic growth between 1999 and 2005.
"Two sessions" or will consider the establishment of the Department of Energy program
Experts believe that a wide range of institutional integration may appear in 2009. All kinds of signs indicate that major institutional reforms are approaching. Authoritative sources revealed that at present, the relevant departments are stepping up their efforts to study specific plans for the implementation of the “large-sector system,†and “the plan may be submitted for consideration during the two sessions this year.â€