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The 3D printing industry is booming and changing with each passing day. New machines, new technologies, new materials, and new applications are constantly being introduced. Looking at the development of the 3D printing industry, it is not difficult to see how fast it can grow. The desktop and industrial 3D printing technologies have achieved rapid breakthroughs. The layout of the 3D printing industry chain and the development situation that are closely watched by the market are exactly what this article will take you through.
According to the "2016-2021 China 3D Printing Industry Market Demand and Investment Potential Analysis Report," China's 3D printing industry scale rose to 4 billion yuan in 2014. The 3D printing industry report released by the market research organization Wollers shows that in 2015, The global 3D printing market growth rate is 25.9%, while the 3D printing market in China is expected to have a compound annual growth rate of 35% or more in the next 5 years, which will exceed the world average level, indicating that China’s 3D printing market will occupy the world. The more important position.
Industrial chain
In “Additive Manufacturing Trilogy (Top)â€, we analyzed that leading global companies are expanding through mergers and acquisitions. Through the following panorama of the domestic 3D printing industry chain, we can identify the spatial distribution of many resources and elements of the industry. The complex and complex information in the industrial chain is presented in a concise form to gain insight into the state of industrial development.
Through the industrial chain panorama of Figure 2, we can sort out the value chain in the 3D printing industry chain:
Upstream: Professional material suppliers, software developers, consumables suppliers, basic accessory suppliers, etc.
Midstream: 3D printing equipment manufacturers, 3D printing service platforms, software providers, etc.
Downstream: Applications for civilian consumption, aerospace industry, apparel companies, automobile companies, shipping companies, and medicine
Through industry analysis, we will interpret the 3D printing industry value chain around several parts of material supply, software development, equipment manufacturing, and public service platforms. These links are interlocking and create unique values ​​for end users. The government supports the development of the 3D printing industry. It must also start from the whole industry chain. Only when the whole industry chain is prosperous and strong, can the 3D printing industry really take root in China.
Untouchable material recluse
The development of molding technology in the 3D printing industry and the development of applied materials can be traced back to 1987, when the first commercial 3D printing device was introduced, and 3D printing has gradually entered the field of vision in recent years. This is a relatively long process. Make a simple historical review (as shown in Figure 3).
Nowadays, 3D printing raw materials can be categorized into a basic classification. As shown in the following figure, the following “representing company†is a technology representative company and not a material production company. Although plastic 3D printing materials currently account for 50% of the entire market, The largest supplier in the coming years will come mainly from the metal powder field.
If you consider material suppliers, you can refer to the research report of Technavio, a technology research company, released in 2016 to the global 3D printing material market by 2020. The report predicts that the annual compound annual growth rate of the global 3D printing materials market will exceed 5 years. 25%, and listed the top five suppliers in this market:
1, Arcam Company
The company offers a range of 3D printing technologies and 3D printing solutions and owns its patented metal 3D printing technology EBM. The company currently sells EBM hardware, EBM construction materials, metal powder and powder processing equipment, and its customers are mainly from aerospace and implants.
However, it has been acquired by GE.
2. EOS Corporation
EOS, headquartered in Germany, is a global leader in the DMLS (Direct Metal Laser Sintering) market. The company mainly supplies metal manufacturing materials, systems and equipment, and also supplies 3D printing materials such as aluminum, cobalt/chromium alloys and steel.
3, Hoganas Company
Hoganas from Sweden is the world's leading manufacturer of iron and metal powders and develops products for customers in the chemical, component manufacturing, welding and metallurgical industries. Its metal powder can be used for 3D printing, plasma welding, pressing and sintering components, laser surface cladding, and the like.
4. Sandvik Company
The main materials used by the company are special alloys and advanced stainless steel. The company's Sandvik Materials Technology is mainly engaged in 3D printing business. The company also produces gas-atomized metal powders for 3D printing applications for the medical, aerospace, and rapid-mold divisions.
5, Solvay Company
The company provides 3D printing solutions through its subsidiary Sinterline Technyl. Its 3D printing powder is mainly used in automotive transportation, sporting goods, construction, pipeline electrical and other fields.
In addition to the above five major suppliers of 3D printing materials, ExOne, a 3D printer manufacturer based in Pennsylvania, is the supplier of 3D printing materials in the United States mentioned in the report, and Shantou Meisen Technology (Shenzhen No. 7) which is prominent in the country. Technology companies) are the representative enterprises that focus on the independent R&D and production of 3D printing materials and promote industrial applications.
Equipment manufacturing situation
The 3D printing equipment manufacturers have developed rapidly, and they have continued to expand and expand their businesses upstream. They have gradually brought consumables development and software development skills into the bag. Stratesys acquires the polyjet product line by annexing Israel's objet company, and integrates with special materials developed by itself to form a unique competitive advantage, which is a typical representative of vertical integration of the industrial chain.
In the global 3D printing market, the two largest companies are 3D Systems and Stratasys, both of which were established in the 1980s. In 1986, Charles W. Hull developed the Light Curing Technology (SLA) and established 3D Systems. In 1989, Scott Crump developed Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology and established Stratasys. Since then, the two companies have acquired some new technology patents through mergers and acquisitions and R&D respectively, and have gradually become the leading companies in the 3D printing industry.
The dominance of the two companies in the global 3D printing market is mainly reflected in the industrial 3D printers. Together they accounted for 74% of the global professional printer sales in 2010, of which Stratasys accounted for 56% and 3DSystems accounted for 18%. In addition, 3D Systems is a leading player in the personal printer market. In 2010, shipments reached 2,500 units (42% of global sales of personal printers). Stratasys is more focused on the production and sales of professional printers and does not involve personal printers.
Stratasys and 3D Systems also differ in their development model. 3D Systems has a wide range of business, involving 3D printing materials, printer systems, and 3D printing services. The three businesses are basically equally divided. Stratasys is more focused on the sales of printer systems in business, and 3D printing services involve less. In addition, in terms of company expansion strategy, 3D Systems has adopted a powerful development model of mergers and acquisitions, acquired other technology patents through mergers and acquisitions, and expanded its business scope from professional printers to personal printers (such as the acquisition of BfB, etc.) to strengthen its own services. Business (such as acquiring Shapeway, etc.). However, Stratasys has fewer mergers and acquisitions, and the business has always focused on professional printers, supplemented by a small amount of services.
The domestic 3D printing technology research started early. Since the 1990s, the core technology has advanced, and it is in a leading position. Research institutions are mainly colleges and universities and colleges and universities corresponding to the enterprise unit. The 3D printing equipment produced by these units is generally industrial-grade equipment. .
Leading scientific research institutes include Tsinghua University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, and Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. The companies established by these institutions for technical support are Beijing Yinhua Laser Rapid Prototyping and Modeling Technology Co., Ltd. respectively. Wuhan Binhu Electromechanical Industry Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Hengtong Intelligent Machine Co., Ltd., and China Aviation Laser Forming Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Among them, Beijing Yinhua, Wuhan Binhu, and Shaanxi Hengtong have developed industrial-grade rapid prototyping machines based on the self-developed 3D printing technology. They mainly provide mold and original manufacturing services and assist users in product development and design services as business models. . Beijing Yinhua also carries out the development and sales of special printing consumables. AVIC Laser mainly researches laser rapid prototyping and installation technology of large-scale titanium alloy main bearing structural parts of airplanes. It has realized laser forming of titanium alloy components in civilian passenger jets for the first time worldwide. Development of applications.
The research institutes based on colleges and universities mainly focus on the development of industrial-grade printers, while other companies are developing industrial-grade printers while focusing their attention on the development and sales of desktop printers with more market forces. Try to integrate technical research, 3D printer R&D sales, and 3D printing services to establish a better industrial model.
Compared with the international 3D printing market, although the domestic 3D printing market is still in its infancy and development stage, but also emerged a number of outstanding companies, such as the most representative in the 1990s Beijing Longyuan (Sandi Technology Holdings subsidiary Since 1994, when the first laser rapid prototyping machine was successfully developed, it has been working hard to develop metal and non-metal laser equipment and laser integrated manufacturing platforms (SLM/LMD/SLS), regardless of technology, output value or overall strength in the industry. Has a strong influence within. And Chinachem Hi-Tech Co., Ltd. is becoming a "Chinese intelligence-made" overseas business card, overseas sales accounted for 40% of its sales, second only to leading companies such as the German EOS. Huasheng acquired LSS, a German company with 20 years of history in the 3D printing industry. It is planning to establish a US subsidiary and will be established in April. It can be said that its technological advantage has surpassed the slightly declining 3D system. There are many kinds of general 3D printing technologies such as FDM, LENS, SLA, and LOM. However, the powder laser melting and laser sintering technology (SLS/SLM) is the representative of the current mainstream 3D printing technology, and Huasheng is promoting its industrialization. . With the advancement of technology and the rapid increase in market demand, more and more companies will enter this market.
Industrial services advance admission
Industrial services for 3D printing is actually a solution provider and service platform. Materials, Shapeway, and C2M and Hangzhou Mingzhan Network Technology Co., Ltd. mentioned in the previous article are all service platform providers. They do not produce 3D printers, and only face application users to provide total solutions.
It has been 8 years since Shapeways was established that its predecessor was a branch of the Dutch electronics giant Philips. Shapeways's marketing model is this (see below): Customers search the Shapeways website for interesting design pieces (ie, 3D models). After finding out and selecting the print material, the system will send the order request to the staff of the Shapeways factory to determine whether it is feasible. It will then be printed out using a 3D printer.
Conclusion
It is precisely because the additive processing industry has reached maturity at the manufacturing level. Roland Berger hopes to look forward to the development of this area in the next five to 15 years. This is precisely what the report calls "additive manufacturing - the next generation" ( Reasons for "Additive Manufacturing ? next generation (AMnx)"). From the current point of view, there is currently no company that can cover the entire process of additive manufacturing software. All this means that whoever preemptively explores a mature model in this field will be able to allocate a maximum share of trillions of yuan worth of output and high market capitalization.
3D printing industry chain layout and development situation
It is precisely because the field of additive processing has reached maturity at the manufacturing level. Roland Berger hopes to look forward to the development of this area in the next 5 to 15 years. This is precisely why the report was named "Additive Manufacturing - Next Generation". the reason.